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《自然》：这个蛋白多了促进肿瘤转移 少了会让肿瘤疯长
《自然》：这个蛋白多了促进肿瘤转移 少了会让肿瘤疯长
2019 - 08 - 30
最近，《自然》杂志报道了不少关于癌症的研究。上周，学术经纬团队分享了一则癌症研究的重要突破——通过荧光标记，科学家们能够看清癌细胞如何“腐蚀”周边的健康细胞，发生转移。今天，我们又读到了一篇关于癌症转移的最新论文，它深刻揭示了癌症转移的复杂性，并提醒我们，在攻克癌症的道路上，我们还有很长的路要走……先来聊聊癌症。我们知道，癌症的发展就好像是一个熊孩子长大一样，会分成不同的阶段。在早期，癌细胞会疯狂生长，侵入和传播（invasion and dissemination）到组织内，在身体里形成肿瘤。到了晚期，癌细胞则会发生转移（metastasis），跑到身体的其他器官里落地生根，形成新的病灶。现在的医学知识告诉我们，一旦癌症发生了转移，患者的生命就岌岌可危。可是，癌细胞在一个地方长得好好的，它为啥会发生转移呢？过去的很多科学家相信，这与一种叫做E-cadherin（E-钙粘蛋白）的蛋白质有关。从功能上看，它负责把不同的细胞“粘”在一起。如果癌细胞能够减少这种钙粘蛋白的表达，就会变得更有“活动性”，也更容易发生转移。不过，科学家们也观察到了一些例外——在一种叫做“乳腺导管癌”的癌症中，发生转移的癌细胞，里头的E-钙粘蛋白含量可不少。这是为啥呢？有科学家解释说，这是因为癌细胞慢慢地又把自己“粘”回到了一起。这听起来是个合理的解释，但没有让所有人感到信服。为了寻找其他原因，来自美国知名的约...
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青蛙肺部能充当“降噪耳机”
青蛙肺部能充当“降噪耳机”
2021 - 06 - 01
为了成功交配，许多雄蛙会坐在一起，向潜在配偶发出叫声。这时，问题就出现了——每个试图在人声鼎沸的鸡尾酒会上听清别人说话的人都会遇到：一只雌蛙是如何在背景噪音（包括其他蛙类的声音）中听到并找到自己的如意郎君呢？现在，研究人员可能找到了答案。3月5日，一篇发表在Cell Press细胞出版社旗下期刊Current Biology（《当代生物学》）上的报告显示，青蛙能做到这一点要归功于它们的肺部。当肺部膨胀时，青蛙鼓膜在特定的频率范围内降低了对环境噪音的敏感性，从而更容易关注配偶的叫声。 “从本质上讲，肺消除了鼓膜对噪音的反应，特别是对一些不在调上的‘繁殖大合唱’中所遇到的噪音。”论文主要作者、明尼苏达大学圣奥拉夫学院的Norman Lee说。 研究人员解释说，青蛙肺部所做的事情被称为“声谱对比度增强”。这是因为，与相邻频率的噪声相比，它使雄性声谱的频率尤为突出。 “这类似于某些助听器和耳蜗植入物中用于增强声谱对比度的信号处理算法。”明尼苏达大学双城校区的资深作者Mark Bee说，“人类设计这种算法，用来放大或提升语音的频率，减弱或过滤语音之间的频率，或两者兼而有之。青蛙的肺部似乎会减弱雄性交配叫声之间的频率。我们认为，这种现象发生的物理机制与降噪耳机的工作原理类似。” 科学家们早就知道，声音信号是大多数青蛙繁殖的关键。事实上，青蛙拥有一种独特的...
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20年研究！Nature证实：自噬，延长寿命、改善健康的关键！
20年研究！Nature证实：自噬，延长寿命、改善健康的关键！
2018 - 07 - 05
doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0162-7基于20年的深入研究，得克萨斯大学西南医学中心（UT Southwestern）自噬研究中心的主任Beth Levine和团队已经明确：细胞自噬可以延长寿命、改善健康。他们以小鼠为模型发现，自噬水平提高的小鼠寿命更长、更健康。“具体来说，它们的寿命延长了约10%，且不太可能发生与年龄相关的自发性癌症、心脏病等疾病。”Beth Levine表示道。细胞自噬自噬是一种保护机制。当细胞内出现衰老的蛋白质、损坏的细胞器等废弃物时，自噬囊泡会将它们包裹并送至溶酶体中进行降解并得以循环利用，从而确保细胞本身的代谢需求和某些细胞器的更新。细胞自噬过程（图片来源：华威大学）20年前，Beth Levine和同事发现了自噬生物学过程中的一个关键基因beclin 1。他们还发现，自噬对于健康而言必不可少，例如预防神经衰退性疾病、对抗癌症和感染。2003年，Beth Levine团队证实，自噬关联的基因机制对于长寿突变线虫（long-lived mutant roundworms）的寿命延长至关重要。“从那以后，关于‘自噬是延长寿命的关键机制’的观点尤为火热。” Beth Levine解释道，“随着年龄增长，细胞的自噬能力会下降，这可能会导致衰老。”自噬延长寿命然而，一个关键问题仍然没有得到解答：增强自噬水平是否有益于哺乳动物的健康？换句...
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EVOS™ Vessel Holder, universal
产品名称： EVOS™ Vessel Holder, universal
型号：
时间： 2019 - 04 - 15
描述EVOS® vessel holders allow a perfect fit of your microscope slide, cell culture flask or dish, or micro-well plate to the stage of the EVOS® imaging systems for increased precision in sample alignment. This particular vessel holder has a 25.4 mm opening and accommodates most vessel types. It is just one of many easy-to-change vessel holders and stage plates available for this instrument platform. With a snug and secure fit, yet readily switched, these accessories make imaging samp...
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EVOS™ Vessel Holder, Greiner T-75 flask
产品名称： EVOS™ Vessel Holder, Greiner T-75 flask
型号：
时间： 2019 - 04 - 15
描述EVOS® vessel holders allow a perfect fit of your microscope slide, cell culture flask or dish, or micro-well plate to the stage of the EVOS® imaging systems for increased precision in sample alignment. This particular vessel holder accommodates one Greiner T-75 flask. It is just one of many easy-to-change vessel holders and stage plates available for this instrument platform. With a snug and secure fit, yet readily switched, these accessories make imaging samples in a range of ves...
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EVOS™ Vessel Holder, Hemocytometer
产品名称： EVOS™ Vessel Holder, Hemocytometer
型号：
时间： 2019 - 04 - 15
描述EVOS® vessel holders allow a perfect fit of your microscope slide, cell culture flask or dish, or micro-well plate to the stage of the EVOS® imaging systems for increased precision in sample alignment. This particular vessel holder accommodates a hemocytometer. It is just one of many easy-to-change vessel holders and stage plates available for this instrument platform. With a snug and secure fit, yet readily switched, these accessories make imaging samples in a range of vessel hol...
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EVOS™ Vessel Holder, Nunc™ T-75 flask
产品名称： EVOS™ Vessel Holder, Nunc™ T-75 flask
型号：
时间： 2019 - 04 - 15
描述EVOS® vessel holders allow a perfect fit of your microscope slide, cell culture flask or dish, or micro-well plate to the stage of the EVOS® imaging systems for increased precision in sample alignment. This particular vessel holder accommodates one Nunc® T-75 flask. It is just one of many easy-to-change vessel holders and stage plates available for this instrument platform. With a snug and secure fit, yet readily switched, these accessories make imaging samples in a range of ...
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EVOS™ Vessel Holder, two 25-cm T-flasks
产品名称： EVOS™ Vessel Holder, two 25-cm T-flasks
型号：
时间： 2019 - 04 - 15
描述EVOS® vessel holders allow a perfect fit of your microscope slide, cell culture flask or dish, or micro-well plate to the stage of the EVOS® imaging systems for increased precision in sample alignment. This particular vessel holder accommodates two 25 cm T-flasks. It is just one of many easy-to-change vessel holders and stage plates available for this instrument platform. With a snug and secure fit, yet readily switched, these accessories make imaging samples in a range of vessel ...
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EVOS™ Vessel Holder, one 100-mm Petri dish
产品名称： EVOS™ Vessel Holder, one 100-mm Petri dish
型号：
时间： 2019 - 04 - 15
描述EVOS® vessel holders allow a perfect fit of your microscope slide, cell culture flask or dish, or micro-well plate to the stage of the EVOS® imaging systems for increased precision in sample alignment. This particular vessel holder accommodates one 100 mm Petri dish. It is just one of many easy-to-change vessel holders and stage plates available for this instrument platform. With a snug and secure fit, yet readily switched, these accessories make imaging samples in a range of vess...
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EVOS™ Vessel Holder, two 60-mm Petri dishes
产品名称： EVOS™ Vessel Holder, two 60-mm Petri dishes
型号：
时间： 2019 - 04 - 15
描述EVOS® vessel holders allow a perfect fit of your microscope slide, cell culture flask or dish, or micro-well plate to the stage of the EVOS® imaging systems for increased precision in sample alignment. This particular vessel holder accommodates two 60 mm Petri dishes. It is just one of many easy-to-change vessel holders and stage plates available for this instrument platform. With a snug and secure fit, yet readily switched, these accessories make imaging samples in a range of ves...
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EVOS™ Vessel Holder, four 35-mm Petri dishes
产品名称： EVOS™ Vessel Holder, four 35-mm Petri dishes
型号：
时间： 2019 - 04 - 12
描述EVOS® vessel holders allow a perfect fit of your microscope slide, cell culture flask or dish, or micro-well plate to the stage of the EVOS® imaging systems for increased precision in sample alignment. This particular vessel holder accommodates four 35 mm Petri dishes. It is just one of many easy-to-change vessel holders and stage plates available for this instrument platform. With a snug and secure fit, yet readily switched, these accessories make imaging samples in a range of ve...
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EVOS™ Vessel Holder, two 25 x 75 mm slides
产品名称： EVOS™ Vessel Holder, two 25 x 75 mm slides
型号：
时间： 2019 - 04 - 12
描述EVOS® vessel holders allow a perfect fit of your microscope slide, cell culture flask or dish, or micro-well plate to the stage of the EVOS® imaging systems for increased precision in sample alignment. This particular vessel holder accommodates two 25 x 75 mm slides. It is just one of many easy-to-change vessel holders and stage plates available for this instrument platform. With a snug and secure fit, yet readily switched, these accessories make imaging samples in a range of vess...
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EVOS™ 4X Objective, fluorite, LWD, phase-contrast
产品名称： EVOS™ 4X Objective, fluorite, LWD, phase-contrast
型号：
时间： 2019 - 04 - 12
描述This fluorite objective is ideal for fluorescence and demanding transmitted-light applications. This is a long working distance (LWD) objective that is optimized for the imaging of slides, cell culture dishes and flasks, and microtiter plates. This is also a phase-contrast objective, making it useful for hard-to-see, translucent speciments. All EVOS® objectives offer outstanding optical performance from visible light to near infrared light. The extensive choice of objectives satisfies nee...
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EVOS™ Light Cube, Cy™5
产品名称： EVOS™ Light Cube, Cy™5
型号：
时间： 2019 - 04 - 12
描述All EVOS® fluorescence imaging systems and the Countess® II FL Automated Cell Counter contain our unique, proprietary LED light cubes. This world-leading light engine outputs remarkable intensity over a short light path that delivers superior fluorophore excitation. Each cube contains an LED, condensing optics, and hard-coated filters. EVOS® light cubes are user-changeable and automatically recognized by the system. The Cy®5 light cube is ideal for use with Alexa Fluor&...
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EVOS™ Light Cube, RFP
产品名称： EVOS™ Light Cube, RFP
型号：
时间： 2019 - 04 - 12
描述All EVOS® fluorescence imaging systems and the Countess® II FL Automated Cell Counter contain our unique, proprietary LED light cubes. This world-leading light engine outputs remarkable intensity over a short light path that delivers superior fluorophore excitation. Each cube contains an LED, condensing optics, and hard-coated filters. EVOS® light cubes are user-changeable and automatically recognized by the system. The RFP light cube is ideal for use with Alexa Fluor® ...
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